How to Read an Over-the-Counter Medicine Label

Before taking an over-the-counter medicine, read its Drug Facts label—even if you have used the brand before. Ingredients, directions and warnings can change.

Check the active ingredient. This identifies the substance responsible for the medicine’s effect. Different brands may contain the same ingredient, so compare labels before combining products.

Read the uses and warnings. These explain what the medicine treats and circumstances that require extra caution, including certain health conditions or interactions.

Follow the directions. Check the amount, time between doses, age restrictions and maximum duration of use. Taking more than directed can be harmful.

Check storage instructions. Follow the label’s temperature and handling requirements, and keep medicines away from children.

The FDA’s Drug Facts guide explains each section.

If a direction is unclear, ask a pharmacist before taking the medicine. For prescription medicines purchased online, use a licensed pharmacy that requires a valid prescription. The FDA’s online-pharmacy safety guide explains how to check.